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Source 1 - The impact of war, 1915

Lance Corporal George Whyte belonged to the 6th Battalion Gordon Highlanders. He wrote this letter to his mother from France on 21 April 1915. He reports the death of many of his platoon since his arrival, and touchingly describes the death of his friend Charles Innes, who died slowly of his wounds on 13 March. He admits softening the blow when he wrote to Innes’s mother, as many others did when writing to the relatives of friends. Whyte himself was killed in action twelve weeks later on 4 June 1915. The image shows one page from his letter as an illustration. The transcript and audio reading contain more extracts.

Image

George Whyte's Letter
NAS: SC70/8/139/2

Transcript

Wednesday
21st April 1915
British Expeditionary Forces

Dear Mother,
I received your letter and parcel all right, and was glad to get them, for you may be sure that I am pleased to get anything from home.

… Well mother, this is a kind of private letter so I can say rather more than usual. The Platoon that I am in was fifty strong when it came into France, and only six of us that came out with the Battalion is left. The rest of them is killed, wounded or sick, but only we have been made up with drafts. They are not like the old boys.

We miss many a joke and cheery smile from C. Innes. He was a cheery fellow and the deepest regret is shown for him among his surviving comrades, poor fellow. I had to write his mother and tell her some of the facts, a job that I did not like, but only, I put it to her the best way I could.

I was lying in front of him when a shell burst just above us. One of the bits caught him on the leg. It was a pretty deep wound, so I tied it up just as we got order to go out. When we came back at night he was pretty cheery. I gave him a drink and left him. The poor stretcher-bearers had so much to do, so I suppose they had been some long [time] in getting to him, for when they arrived there, poor Charlie had given up his soul to his creator. It is a great glory to die on the battlefield. A Cross marks the spot where Innes fell.

… I bet you Mother, if ever I get home again, I will be a changed man. I know what it is to lead a good life now, for I have seen and heard a good bit for the last nine months.

With fondest love to all,
From your ever loving son,
George Whyte

 

Audio reading

Choose from one of the options below to hear a reading of the will. The Flash player option will work on most computers but if you have difficulties you can try the MP3 version.

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Audio Reading - Flash Version


Audio Reading - MP3 Version

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Activities

1. George Whyte withheld some of the facts when writing to Mrs Innes to tell her about her son’s death. It could be said that George censored the information to be kind. Do you think he was right to do this? Give reasons for your answer.

2. It is often suggested that governments censor information for the good of the country. Today we have legislation covering Data Protection and Freedom of Information. The Data Protection Act was passed in 1998, the Freedom of Information Act, covering England and Wales in 2000, and the Freedom of Information Act (Scotland) Act in 2002.

The Data Protection Act is designed to ensure the fair and lawful processing of the personal data of living individuals that is held on computer systems and in paper based files. It obliges organisations to provide a reasonable degree of confidentiality for information about people, and to respect their privacy.

 

The Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002 introduced a statutory right of access to all types of recorded information of any age held by Scottish public authorities, subject to certain conditions and exemptions. The Act came fully into force on 1 January 2005.

Find out more about this legislation, the principles, exemptions and Codes of Practice and how this affects people’s lives today.

Here are some websites to visit for information:

www.nas.gov.uk
www.bbc.co.uk
www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics
www.itspublicknowledge.info
www.opsi.gov.uk/legislation